中国职业技术教育

在产教融合背景下探究企业新型学徒制具有重要意义。基于主要行动主体的多方视角，以S市作为典型案例，运用问卷调查、访谈相结合的混合研究方法，探究企业新型学徒制推进情况。结果表明，一是S市的企业新型学徒制试点举措包括构建“1+N”政策体系、强化体制机制保障、校企“双主体”共同开展培训等，取得了学徒技能水平提升，相关单位人才竞争力增强，产教融合平台优势提升等成效；二是企业新型学徒制存在制度安排滞后于实践发展、实施机制不够科学完善、培训过程中工学矛盾突出、投入成本过高影响项目成效等困境。建议增强政策供给能力，完善工作机制，破解工学矛盾，提供配套资源保障。

Exploring the new apprenticeship in enterprises under the background of industry education integration is of great significance. Based on the multiple perspectives of the main actors, taking S city as a typical case, a mixed research method combining questionnaire surveys and interviews is used to explore the promotion of the new apprenticeship system in enterprises. The results show that, firstly, the pilot measures for the new apprenticeship system in S city's enterprises include building a "1+N" policy system,strengthening institutional and mechanism guarantees, and jointly carrying out training between schools and enterprises, which have achieved improvements in apprenticeship skills, enhanced talent competitiveness of relevant units, and enhanced advantages of industry education integration platforms; The second is that the new apprenticeship system in enterprises faces difficulties such as lagging institutional arrangements behind practical development, insufficient scientific and perfect implementation mechanisms, prominent contradictions between engineering and academia during training, and high investment costs affecting project effectiveness. Suggestions include enhancing policy supply capacity, improving work mechanisms, resolving conflicts between industry and academia, and providing supporting resource guarantees.