中国职业技术教育

伴随着信息技术和数字要素的不断渗透，制造业以及其他战略新兴行业衍生了大量新型工业化应用场景，现场工程师作为掌握实践操作技能、具备数字素养和创新精神的高素质技术技能型人才，逐渐成为推动新质生产力发展和优化产业格局的关键力量。从工作场域学习理念来看，现阶段职业教育在培育这一类型人才时存在以下不足：契合现场工作场域学习的校内实训场所育人效度不强、匹配真实工作场域的校外实习基地范围不广、适应技能提升的工作场域内外联动不足等现实问题。由此提出具体人才培养路径：以识岗——跟岗——顶岗三阶段递进学习模式为核心，以校内实训场所为支点，构建初级工作场域，培育学生实操技能；以校外实践基地为中心，塑造中级工作场域，夯实学生数字素养；以校内外场域联动为链条，创设高级工作场域，孵化学生创新精神。以职业教育现场工程师人才培养，共同助力新质生产力水平不断提升。

With the continuous penetration of information technology and digital elements,a large number of new industrial application scenarios have emerged in the manufacturing industry and other strategic emerging industries.Field engineers,as high-quality technical and skilled talents who master practical operation skills,digital literacy and innovation spirit,have gradually become a key force in promoting the development of new quality productive forces and optimizing the industrial pattern.From the perspective of workplace learning philosophy,vocational education currently has the following shortcomings in cultivating this type of talent:the effectiveness of on-campus training sites that match the on-site workplace learning is not strong;the scope of off-campus internship bases that match the real workplace is not wide,and there is insufficient linkage between the inside and outside of the workplace to adapt to skill improvement.Based on this,a specific talent cultivation path is proposed:taking the three-stage progressive learning mode,job recognition-job following-job taking,as the core,taking the on-campus training sites as the fulcrum,establishing the primary-level workplace,cultivating students'practical skills;taking the off-campus practice bases as a centre,constructing the mid-level workplace,strengthening students'digital literacy;taking the linkage between on-campus and off-campus fields as a chain,creating advanced-level workplace,incubating students'innovative spirit.Through the training of field engineers via vocational education,we will jointly contribute to the continuous improvement of new quality productive forces.