中国职业技术教育

在全面推进“体育强国”战略和冰雪经济快速发展的背景下，冰雪产业对高素质复合型技能人才的需求日益迫切。聚焦冰雪职业教育技能供给结构适应性问题，综合运用政策文本分析、典型院校案例调研与专家问卷调查等方法，梳理了冰雪职业教育的发展格局、课程体系和岗位匹配度等。研究发现，我国冰雪职业教育已初步形成“分级布局、多元定位、实践嵌入”的供给格局，构建了“技术技能—服务能力—应急安全—运营管理”四维一体的冰雪人才技能结构模型，以适应冰雪产业供需矛盾。研究进一步提出，应通过建立多元技能与弹性供给的融合机制，缓解季节性人才结构失衡问题，推动人才培养与冰雪产业高质量发展对接，为冰雪职业教育体系的适应性改进提供理论支撑与实践路径。

Under the background of the comprehensive implementation of the "Sports Power" strategy and the rapid development of the ice and snow economy, the demand for high-quality, compound skilled talents in the ice and snow industry is becoming increasingly urgent. Focusing on the issue of the adaptability of the skill supply structure in ice and snow vocational education, by comprehensively applying methods such as policy text analysis, case studies of typical institutions, and expert questionnaire surveys, the development pattern, curriculum system, and job matching degree of ice and snow vocational education were sorted out. The research found that China's ice and snow vocational education has initially formed a supply pattern of "hierarchical layout, multifaceted positioning, and practical embedding", and constructed a four-dimensional integration of ice and snow talent skills structure model, "technical skills—service capabilities—emergency safety—operation management", to adapt to the supply-demand contradiction in the ice and snow industry. The research further proposed that a fusion mechanism of multiple skills and flexible supply should be established to alleviate the imbalance of seasonal talent structure, promote the alignment of talent cultivation with the high-quality development of the ice and snow industry, and provide theoretical support and practical paths for the adaptive improvement of the ice and snow vocational education system.